Memory

Every day you have new experiences and learn new things. Your brain can't store all of it, so it decides what is worth remembering. Memory is the process of storing information and recalling it later.

There are different types of memory. Short-term memory holds information for seconds to minutes. Long-term memory holds it for far longer. Memory does not always work perfectly — and as people age, it often takes a bit longer to recall names, numbers, or details.

Occasional forgetfulness is normal. Everyone has forgotten a name, misplaced keys, or wondered if the front door is locked. If you are an older adult and forgetting things more often than others your age, you may have mild cognitive impairment (MCI). More worrying signs — forgetting how to use your phone, getting lost on the way home, not recognising close family — can indicate a more serious condition, such as:

• Alzheimer's disease
• Other forms of dementia
• Stroke
• Depression
• Head injury
• Blood clots or tumours in the brain
• Thyroid, kidney, or liver problems
• Reactions to certain medicines

If you are worried about your forgetfulness, see a doctor. Many causes of memory problems are treatable. Supporting brain health across your life — regular exercise including walking or yoga, a healthy diet, good sleep, social connection, managing blood pressure and blood sugar, and mentally stimulating activities — is the best we know for keeping memory strong as you age.